Foot powered surgical device

ABSTRACT

Surgical systems include a handheld surgical device having an end effector and a drive assembly configured to drive the end effector, a foot pedal configured to receive input mechanical energy from a user and to output mechanical energy, and a converter. In systems, the drive assembly is an electrically-powered drive assembly and converter is configured to receive the output mechanical energy from the foot pedal and to output electrical energy to the electrically-powered drive assembly. In other systems, the drive assembly is mechanically-powered and the converter is configured to receive the output mechanical energy from the foot pedal and to output a different mechanical energy to the mechanically-powered drive assembly.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 62/370,546, filed on Aug. 3, 2016, the entire contentsof which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

Handheld surgical devices may be powered by activation of a button on ahandset of the surgical device or by activation of a foot pedalconnected to the surgical device. As such, the surgical device may bepowered on when the button or foot pedal is activated, and powered offwhen the button or foot pedal is released.

SUMMARY

As used herein, the term “distal” refers to the portion that is beingdescribed that is further from a user, while the term “proximal” refersto the portion that is being described that is closer to a user.Further, to the extent consistent, any of the aspects described hereinmay be used in conjunction with any of the other aspects describedherein.

Provided in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is asurgical system including a handheld surgical device, a foot pedal, anda converter. The handheld surgical device includes an end effector andan electrically-powered drive assembly configured to drive the endeffector assembly. The foot pedal is configured to receive inputmechanical energy from a user and to output mechanical energy. Theconverter is operably coupled to the handheld surgical device and thefoot pedal and is configured to receive the output mechanical energyfrom the foot pedal and to output electrical energy to theelectrically-powered drive assembly.

In an aspect of the present disclosure, a storage device is operablycoupled to the converter and configured to receive at least some of theoutput electrical energy from the converter.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, an electrically-poweredauxiliary device is operably coupled to the handheld surgical device andconfigured to be powered by the output electrical energy from theconverter.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the input mechanical energyis rotational motion and the output mechanical energy is rotationalmotion. Alternatively, the input mechanical energy is longitudinalmotion and wherein the output mechanical energy is rotational motion.Alternatively, the input mechanical energy is rotational motion andwherein the output mechanical energy is longitudinal motion.

In still another aspect of the present disclosure, the foot pedal iscoupled to the converter via a connector including mechanicalenergy-transmission components disposed therein.

In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, the converter iscoupled to the handheld surgical device via a connector including one ormore electrical wires disposed therein.

In still yet another aspect of the present disclosure, the foot pedalincludes a hinged platform pivotable between an actuated position and anun-actuated position. Alternatively, the foot pedal includes a wheel andat least one pedal coupled to the wheel for rotating the wheel about anaxis. Alternatively, the foot pedal includes a slider slidable between afirst position and a second position.

Another surgical system provided in accordance with aspects of thepresent disclosure includes a handheld surgical device, a foot pedal,and a converter. The handheld surgical device includes an end effectorand a drive assembly configured to drive the end effector assembly. Thefoot pedal is configured to receive input mechanical energy from a userand to output mechanical energy. The converter is operably coupled tothe handheld surgical device and the foot pedal and configured toreceive the output mechanical energy from the foot pedal and to output adifferent mechanical energy to the drive assembly.

In an aspect of the present disclosure, the converter is configured toreceive rotational motion as the output mechanical energy and outputlongitudinal motion as the different mechanical energy. Alternatively,the converter is configured to receive longitudinal motion as the outputmechanical energy and output rotational motion as the differentmechanical energy.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the different mechanicalenergy is mechanical motion of a different speed as compared to a speedof mechanical motion of the output mechanical energy.

In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, an auxiliary device isoperably coupled to the handheld surgical device and configured to bepowered by the different mechanical energy from the converter.

In still another aspect of the present disclosure the foot pedal iscoupled to the converter via a first connector including firstmechanical energy-transmission components. Additionally oralternatively, the converter is coupled to the drive assembly via asecond connector including second mechanical energy-transmissioncomponents.

In still yet another aspect of the present disclosure, the foot pedalincludes a hinged platform pivotable between an actuated position and anun-actuated position. Alternatively, the foot pedal includes a wheel andat least one pedal coupled to the wheel for rotating the wheel about anaxis. Alternatively, the foot pedal includes a slider slidable between afirst position and a second position.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other aspects and features of the present disclosure willbecome more apparent in view of the following detailed description whentaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a surgical system provided in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure;

FIG. 1B is a side view of another surgical system provided in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure;

FIGS. 2A-2C are schematic illustrations of various foot pedalconfigurations for use with the surgical systems of FIGS. 1A and 1B;

FIGS. 3A-3D are schematic illustrations of various other foot pedalconfigurations for use with the surgical systems of FIGS. 1A and 1B;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of still another foot pedalconfiguration for use with the surgical systems of FIGS. 1A and 1B; and

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of yet another foot pedalconfiguration for use with the surgical systems of FIGS. 1A and 1B.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Handheld surgical devices such as resection devices may be hard to gripand actuate. The forces that a user can supply and the duration forwhich the user can supply that force to the device may be inadequate tosuccessfully perform the procedure. Some handheld surgical devices mayuse a foot-activated electrical power switch that activates a motor inthe handheld device when the switch is depressed and deactivates themotor when switch is released. These devices may supply more or lesselectrical power to the motor in handheld surgical device depending uponthe corresponding compression of the foot pedal, but may requiresignificant capital investment.

The present disclosure employs a foot pedal and a handheld surgicaldevice and, in embodiments, a converter and/or storage device. Power,energy, and/or force used to operate the handheld device is/are provideddirectly or indirectly from the foot pedal. The handheld surgical devicemay also be configured to couple to other auxiliary devices such asfluid management systems as needed for various surgical procedures.These and other aspects and features of the present disclosure aredetailed below.

FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a surgical system 100 including a footpedal 102 in communication with a handheld surgical device 106. Footpedal 102 may be configured similarly to any of the embodiments of footpedals detailed hereinbelow, or in any other suitable manner. Inembodiments, foot pedal 102, when activated by a user, providesmechanical energy directly to handheld surgical device 106 via aconnector 108. Alternatively or additionally, foot pedal 102, whenactivated, provides mechanical energy to a converter 104 via a connector110. Converter 104, in turn, provides energy in some form, e.g.,mechanical or electrical, to handheld surgical device 106 via aconnector 112 and/or to a storage device 114, e.g., a battery orcapacitor, via a connector 116. Storage device 114 may provide energy tohandheld surgical device 106 via a connector 118, as required, or mayprovide the energy back to converter 104, via connector 112, fordelivery to handheld surgical device 106. Converter 104 and/or storagedevice 114 may be contained within or on handheld surgical device 106,or may be separate therefrom. Converter 104 and/or storage device 114may alternatively be contained within or on foot pedal 102.

Foot pedal 102 may additionally or alternatively, when activated,provide mechanical energy to one or more auxiliary devices 120, e.g., afluid management system. More specifically, the mechanical energy may beprovided from foot pedal 102 directly to handheld surgical device 106 orto converter 104 which in turn, provides energy to handheld surgicaldevice 106 for powering (mechanically and/or electrically) auxiliarydevice(s) 120. Alternatively, the mechanical energy from foot pedal 102may be provided to auxiliary device(s) 120 directly via one or moreconnectors 122 or through converter 104 via one or more connectors 124.In either of these configurations, auxiliary device(s) 120 is connectedto handheld surgical device 106 via one or more connectors 126, e.g., toprovide fluid inflow and outflow capabilities or other auxiliaryfunction(s).

Referring still to FIG. 1A, the connectors transferring mechanicalenergy from foot pedal 102, e.g., connector 108, connector 110, andconnector 122, may include one or more torsion cables, chains, belts,and/or other suitable connectors capable of transferring mechanicalenergy.

In embodiments, converter 104 may be configured to adjust the mechanicalenergy provided thereto, e.g., by adjusting the speed, torque, and/ortype of mechanical energy (uni-directional linear motion, reciprocatinglinear motion, rotational motion, combined rotational and linear motion,etc.), and output the adjusted mechanical energy via connector(s) 112,116, and/or 124. In such configurations, converter 104 may implementadjustable gear ratios, clutches, and/or other features to adjust themechanical energy to meet operating parameters for the particularhandheld surgical device 106 to be used. The connectors transferring theadjusted mechanical energy from converter 104, e.g., connector 112,connector 116, and connector 124, may include one or more torsioncables, chains, belts, and/or other suitable connectors capable oftransferring mechanical energy.

In embodiments, convertor 104 is additionally or alternativelyconfigured to store mechanical energy within storage device 114 (whichmay be part of or separate from converter 104). This may beaccomplished, for example, by loading a spring or spinning a flywheel.Thus, the user can build up stored mechanical energy within storagedevice 114 by operation of foot pedal 102, enabling the storedmechanical energy to be extracted as needed from convertor 104 tooperate handheld surgical device 106. In such configurations, theconnectors to/from storage device 114, e.g., connector 116 and/orconnector 118 may include one or more torsion cables, chains, belts,and/or other suitable connectors capable of transferring mechanicalenergy.

With continued reference to FIG. 1A, in embodiments, converter 104 mayreceive mechanical energy (uni-directional linear motion, reciprocatinglinear motion, rotational motion, combined rotational and linear motion,etc.) from foot pedal 102 and convert the mechanical energy intoelectrical energy, e.g., for output to handheld surgical device 106,storage device 114, and/or auxiliary device(s) 120. That is, in suchconfigurations, converter 104 functions as a transducer. In suchconfigurations, storage device 114 may be, for example, a battery orcapacitor; handheld surgical device 106 and/or auxiliary device 120 mayinclude electric motors or other electric-powered drives or outputs;and/or the connectors downstream of converter 104, e.g., connector 112,connector 116, connector 118, connector 124, and/or connector 126, forexample, may include one or more electrical wires configured to transmitelectrical energy therealong. Converter 104 may be configured toregulate the electrical power supplied to handheld surgical device 106and/or auxiliary device(s) 120 independent of the speed of and/orpressure applied to foot pedal 102, or may output the electrical powerin proportion to the speed of and/or pressure applied to foot pedal 102.

As illustrated in FIG. 1B, in embodiments, a surgical system 200 isprovided wherein the handheld surgical device is a resection tool 206and is coupled to a foot pedal 202 by way of a connector 210 and coupledto a fluid management system 220 by way of connectors 221 a, 221 b.Resection tool 206 generally includes a handle portion 207 a, anelongated body portion 207 b extending distally from the handle portion207 a, and an end effector assembly 207 c, e.g., a reciprocating cutter,a rotational cutter, or a combination reciprocating and rotatingcutting, extending distally from elongated body portion 207 b. Resectiontool 206 may house converter 204 within handle portion 207 a thereof (asshown), or converter 204 may be separate therefrom.

In embodiments where resection tool 206 is electrically powered,resection tool 206 may include a drive assembly 207 d including a motorelectrically coupled to converter 204 and mechanically coupled to endeffector assembly 207 c to drive movement of end effector assembly 207 cupon activation. The storage device (not shown), in embodiments whereprovided, may be disposed within handle portion 207 a, or may beseparate therefrom, for storing electrical energy for later delivery todrive assembly 207 d.

In embodiments where resection tool 206 is mechanically powered,converter 204, if so provided, adjusts the mechanical energy receivedfrom foot pedal 202 and provides an appropriate output to drive assembly207 d and/or the storage device (not shown), in embodiments where suchis provided. Alternatively, converter 204 and drive assembly 207 d maybe integrated with one another. In either configuration, drive assembly207 d may include, for example, gears, pulleys, cam structures, drivescrews, cables, chains, belts, and/or other suitable drive structures toeffect operation of end effector assembly 207 c in response toactivation of drive assembly 207 d.

Fluid management system 220 includes one or more fluid pumps, fluidsupply reservoirs, and/or fluid collection reservoirs, and includes aninflow connector 221 a and an outflow connector 221 b to respectivelypermit fluid inflow into and fluid outflow from a surgical site. Fluidmanagement system 220 may be electrically powered by converter 204 or,if provided, by the storage device (not shown), or mechanically powereddirectly by foot pedal 202, by converter 204, if provided, by thestorage device (not shown), or by drive assembly 207 d.

Turning now to FIGS. 2A-5, a variety of foot pedal configurations foruse with system 100 (FIG. 1A), system 200 (FIG. 1B), or any othersuitable surgical system are provided in accordance with the presentdisclosure and detailed below. Such foot pedal configurations includestreadle action configurations, pedal configurations similar to abicycle, pedals configured to convert rotational motion intolongitudinal motion, pedals configured to convert longitudinal motioninto rotational motion, etc.

FIGS. 2A-2C illustrate embodiments of treadle configuration foot pedals302-502, respectively. For example, FIG. 2A illustrates a foot pedal 302including a base 303 a and a hinged platform 303 b pivotably coupled tobase 303 a via a pivot pin 303 c towards an end of hinged platform 303 bsuch that hinged platform 303 b defines a cantilever configuration.Hinged platform 303 b is selectively depressible relative to base 303 ato rotate pivot pin 303 c relative to base 303 a. More specifically,hinged platform 303 b is movable through a radiused arc “A” about pivotpin 303 c and relative to base 303 a between an un-actuated position,wherein the free end of hinged platform 303 b is farther spaced-apartfrom base 303 a, and an actuated position, wherein the free end ofhinged platform 303 b is closer to base 303 a. Actuation of hingedplatform 303 b rotates pivot pin 303 c relative to base 303 a. As such,pivot pin 303 c may be coupled to an output device for outputtingrotational motion thereto, e.g., for direct or ultimate delivery to asurgical device, auxiliary device, storage device, etc. Foot pedal 302may include a one-way mechanism 303 d configured such that rotationalmotion is imparted from pivot pin 303 c in only one direction, e.g., inthe actuation direction of hinged platform 303 a. One-way mechanism 303d may include a clutch, pawl/ratchet mechanism, etc. Other outputconfigurations are also contemplated.

FIGS. 2B and 2C illustrates foot pedals 402 and 502, respectively,similar to foot pedal 302 (FIG. 2A) and each including a base 403 a, 503a and a hinged platform 403 b, 503 b pivotably coupled to base 403 a,503 a via a pivot pin 403 c, 503 c towards an end of hinged platform 403b, 503 b and selectively depressible relative to base 303 a to movehinged platform 403 b, 503 b through a radiused arc “A” about pivot pin403 c, 503 c, thus rotating pivot pin 403 c, 503 c relative to base 403a, 503 a, respectively. Foot pedals 402, 502 move between an un-actuatedposition and an actuated position, similarly as foot pedal 302 (FIG.2A), to output rotational motion from pivot pin 403 c, 503 c, e.g., fordirect or ultimate delivery to a surgical device, auxiliary device,storage device, etc. Foot pedals 402, 502 may also include one-waymechanisms 403 d, 503 d. Foot pedals 402, 502 differ from foot pedal 302(FIG. 2A) in that foot pedals 402, 502 include biasing members 403 e,503 e configured to bias hinged platforms 403 b, 503 b towards theun-actuated position. Biasing member 403 e of foot pedal 402 is acompression spring extending between hinged platform 403 b, towards thefree end thereof, and base 403 a. Biasing member 503 e of foot pedal 502is a torsion spring disposed about pivot pin 503 c. Other suitablebiasing members are also contemplated.

FIGS. 3A-3D illustrate foot pedal configurations similar to a bicycle.FIGS. 3A and 3B, for example, illustrate a foot pedal 602 including awheel 603 a disposed about a central pivot pin 603 b, and a pedal 603 ccoupled to central pivot pin 603 b. Pedal 603 c includes a base 603 dcoupled to central pivot pin 603 b, and a lever 603 e, configured toreceive a foot of a user, extending from base 603 d. As a result of thisconfiguration, urging of lever 603 e to rotate about the axis of centralpivot pin 603 b rotates pedal 603 c, central pivot pin 603 b, and wheel603 a about the axis of central pivot pin 603 b. As illustrated in FIG.3A, wheel 603 a may include an output mechanism 603 f, e.g., a belt,disposed thereabout for receiving the rotational motion from wheel 603a. Alternatively or additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 3B, centralpivot pin 603 b may be coupled to an output mechanism 603 g, e.g., agear box, for receiving the rotational motion from central pivot pin 603b. Other suitable output configurations are also contemplated.

FIG. 3C illustrates a foot pedal 702 similar to foot pedal 602 (FIGS. 3Aand 3B) and including a wheel 703 a disposed about a central pivot pin703 b, and a pedal 703 c coupled to wheel 703 a towards the outerannular periphery thereof. Pedal 703 c includes a base 703 d coupled towheel 703 a and a lever 703 e, configured to receive a foot of a user,extending from base 703 d. Urging of lever 703 e to rotate about theaxis of central pivot pin 703 b rotates pedal 703 c, central pivot pin703 b, and wheel 703 a about the axis of central pivot pin 703 b. Footpedal 702 may be coupled to any suitable output for outputtingrotational motion thereto.

FIG. 3D illustrates a foot pedal 802 similar to foot pedal 602 (FIGS. 3Aand 3B) and including a wheel 803 a disposed about a central pivot pin803 b. Foot pedal 802 differs from foot pedal 602 (FIGS. 3A and 3B) inthat, rather than providing a single pedal 603 c (FIGS. 3A and 3B), footpedal 802 includes a pair of pedals 803 c, one disposed on each side ofwheel 803 a. Thus, foot pedal 802 enables two-footed actuation. Footpedal 802 may otherwise be similar to and/or include any of the featuresof foot pedal 602 (FIGS. 3A and 3B).

Turning to FIG. 4, another foot pedal provided in accordance with thepresent disclosure is shown as foot pedal 902. Foot pedal 902 isconfigured to convert rotational motion into longitudinal motion andincludes a wheel 903 a, e.g., a standard wheel or a flywheel, disposedabout a central pivot pin 903 b, and a pedal 903 c coupled to wheel 903a towards the outer annular periphery thereof, a linkage 903 d, and anoutput member 903 e. Linkage 903 d is pivotably coupled to pedal 903 cat one end portion thereof and pivotably coupled to output member 903 e,e.g., a gearbox, pulley system, etc., at the opposite end portionthereof. As a result of this configuration, urging of pedal 903 c torotate about the axis of central pivot pin 903 b rotates pedal 903 c to,in turn, rotate wheel 903 a about the axis of central pivot pin 903 b,thereby pushing or pulling linkage 903 d (depending upon the position ofthe pedal 903 c) to, in turn, longitudinally translate output member 903e. In this manner, rotational input provided to foot pedal 902, asindicated by arrows “R,” is converted into longitudinal output from footpedal 902, as indicated by arrows “L.” Foot pedal 902 may be configuredto output a reciprocating longitudinal motion or may include a one-waymechanism to only output longitudinal motion in a single direction.

In embodiments where wheel 903 a is a flywheel, the energy storedtherein helps regulate the output speed and to keep the crank in motion.The configuration, e.g., size and weight, of linkage 903 d may beselected so as to influence the amount of energy stored and therotational speed of the flywheel.

With reference to FIG. 5, another foot pedal provided in accordance withthe present disclosure is shown as foot pedal 1002. Foot pedal 1002 isconfigured to convert longitudinal motion into rotational motion andincludes a slider 1003 a and a pinion 1003 b. Slider 1003 a includes afirst end portion defining a foot-receiving socket 1003 c and a secondend portion defining a rack 1003 d. Foot-receiving socket 1003 c isconfigured to receive the foot of a user and includes front and rearstops 1003 e, 1003 f configured to inhibit longitudinal motion of theuser's foot relative to slider 1003 a when disposed within socket 1003c. To this end, front stop 1003 e and/or rear stop 1003 f may beadjustable to enable secure receipt of a user's foot within socket 1003c regardless of the user's foot size.

Rack 1003 d of slider 1003 a is disposed in meshed engagement withpinion 1003 c. As a result of this configuration, urging of socket 1003c of slider 1003 a to move longitudinally by a user's foot disposedtherein urges rack 1003 d of slider 1003 a to move longitudinally,thereby rotating pinion 1003 c about the axis of pivot pin 1003 g, whichsupports pinion 1003 c thereon. Thus, longitudinal input provided tofoot pedal 1002, as indicated by arrows “L,” is converted intorotational output from foot pedal 1002, as indicated by arrows “R.” Footpedal 1002 may be configured to output rotational motion in twodirections or may include a one-way mechanism to only output rotationalmotion in a single direction. With respect to the output of foot pedal1002, pivot pin 1003 g may be coupled to an output device to impartrotational output thereto and/or an output device, e.g., a gearbox, maybe operably coupled to pinion 1003 c to receive rotational outputtherefrom.

The embodiments disclosed herein are examples of the disclosure and maybe embodied in various forms. For instance, although certain embodimentsherein are described as separate embodiments, each of the embodimentsherein may be combined with one or more of the other embodiments herein.Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not tobe interpreted as limiting, but as a basis for the claims and as arepresentative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variouslyemploy the present disclosure in virtually any appropriately detailedstructure. Like reference numerals may refer to similar or identicalelements throughout the description of the figures.

It should be understood that the foregoing description is onlyillustrative of the present disclosure. Various alternatives andmodifications can be devised by those skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure isintended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances.The embodiments described with reference to the attached drawing figuresare presented only to demonstrate certain examples of the disclosure.Other elements, steps, methods, and techniques that are insubstantiallydifferent from those described above and/or in the appended claims arealso intended to be within the scope of the disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A surgical system, comprising: a handheldsurgical device including an end effector and an electrically-powereddrive assembly configured to drive the end effector assembly; a footpedal configured to receive input mechanical energy from a user and tooutput mechanical energy; and a converter operably coupled to thehandheld surgical device and the foot pedal, the converter configured toreceive the output mechanical energy from the foot pedal and to outputelectrical energy to the electrically-powered drive assembly.
 2. Thesurgical system according to claim 1, further comprising a storagedevice operably coupled to the converter, the storage device configuredto receive at least some of the output electrical energy from theconverter.
 3. The surgical system according to claim 1, furthercomprising an electrically-powered auxiliary device operably coupled tothe handheld surgical device, wherein the electrically-powered auxiliarydevice is powered by the output electrical energy from the converter. 4.The surgical system according to claim 1, wherein the input mechanicalenergy is rotational motion and wherein the output mechanical energy isrotational motion.
 5. The surgical system according to claim 1, whereinthe input mechanical energy is longitudinal motion and wherein theoutput mechanical energy is rotational motion.
 6. The surgical systemaccording to claim 1, wherein the input mechanical energy is rotationalmotion and wherein the output mechanical energy is longitudinal motion.7. The surgical system according to claim 1, wherein the foot pedal iscoupled to the converter via a connector including mechanicalenergy-transmission components disposed therein.
 8. The surgical systemaccording to claim 1, wherein the converter is coupled to the handheldsurgical device via a connector including one or more electrical wiresdisposed therein.
 9. The surgical system according to claim 1, whereinthe foot pedal includes a hinged platform pivotable between an actuatedposition and an un-actuated position.
 10. The surgical system accordingto claim 1, wherein the foot pedal includes a wheel and at least onepedal coupled to the wheel, the at least one pedal rotatable about anaxis to thereby rotate the wheel about the axis.
 11. The surgical systemaccording to claim 1, wherein the foot pedal includes a slider slidablebetween a first position and a second position.
 12. A surgical system,comprising: a handheld surgical device including an end effector and adrive assembly configured to drive the end effector assembly; a footpedal configured to receive input mechanical energy from a user and tooutput mechanical energy; and a converter operably coupled to thehandheld surgical device and the foot pedal, the converter configured toreceive the output mechanical energy from the foot pedal and to output adifferent mechanical energy to the drive assembly.
 13. The surgicalsystem according to claim 12, wherein the converter is configured toreceive rotational motion as the output mechanical energy and outputlongitudinal motion as the different mechanical energy.
 14. The surgicalsystem according to claim 12, wherein the converter is configured toreceive longitudinal motion as the output mechanical energy and outputrotational motion as the different mechanical energy.
 15. The surgicalsystem according to claim 12, wherein the different mechanical energy ismechanical motion of a different speed as compared to a speed ofmechanical motion of the output mechanical energy.
 16. The surgicalsystem according to claim 12, further comprising an auxiliary deviceoperably coupled to the handheld surgical device, wherein the auxiliarydevice is powered by the different mechanical energy from the converter.17. The surgical system according to claim 12, wherein at least one of:the foot pedal is coupled to the converter via a first connectorincluding first mechanical energy-transmission components or theconverter is coupled to the drive assembly via a second connectorincluding second mechanical energy-transmission components.
 18. Thesurgical system according to claim 12, wherein the foot pedal includes ahinged platform pivotable between an actuated position and anun-actuated position.
 19. The surgical system according to claim 12,wherein the foot pedal includes a wheel and at least one pedal coupledto the wheel, the at least one pedal rotatable about an axis to therebyrotate the wheel about the axis.
 20. The surgical system according toclaim 12, wherein the foot pedal includes a slider slidable between afirst position and a second position.